Saturday, March 8, 2014
Ligularia
Ligularia
A family of long lived perennials that seldom need dividing that enjoy moist, shady sites. Do not plant in dry shade under trees with competitive roots. Most Ligularias will grow on wet soil and tolerate flooding. Disease problems dont often occur, though they can be prone to slugs and snails.
The leaves will often wilt in hot sun even if the soil is moist, perking up during evening or nightfall, generally however they prefer a site without afternoon sun.
Propagation is from seed during spring. The seed can be planted into containers then later transplanted out to the garden.
Ligularia dentata ( Bigleaf Ligularia )
A perennial, forming a large clump up to 6.6 x 5 feet ( foliage clump along is 3 x 5 feet ), that is native to China and Japan.
The very attractive, toothed, heart shaped, leaves are red-purple in spring before turning deep green to grayish green. The leathery leaves are up to 24 x 20 inches in size and are borne on either green or reddish stems. The orange-yellow flowers, up to 4 inches across are borne on clusters up to 1 foot across, on tall, sturdy stalks during autumn.
Prefers sun to partial shade from zone 3 to 7 on moist to wet, deep, fertile soil with a deep organic mulch to keep the soil cool. Heat tolerant but may wilt during mid afternoon only to bounce back at night.
Reflected sun, especially against a south or west facing wall could cause severe scorching and stunting of growth.
* photos taken on April 13 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 1 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on August 24 2010 in Columbia, MD
Britt Marie Crawford
Reaches a maximum size while in bloom of 6.5 x 5 feet. The foliage is large and glossy purple-black and the late summer flowers look like orange daisies. Blooms 2 weeks later than Desdemona. Comes true from seed and grows with extreme vigor.
An excellent plant to create a tropical mood.
* photos taken on May 8 2010 @ U.S. National Arboretum, D.C.
Dark Beauty
Deep maroon foliage and intense bright orange flowers.
Desdemona
Reaches a maximum size of 6.5 x 5 feet while in bloom. The huge, round, purple-green leaves ( purple below ) are up to 24 x 20 inches in size. The daisy like flowers are large and orange, up to 5 inches across from August to September on erect stems that are sturdy and do not need staking. Prefers wet soil and coincidentally looks great next to water.
* photos taken on May 2 2012 in Columbia, MD
Othello
Foliage is less intense purple than Britt Marie Crawford
* photo taken on April 18 2010 @ U.S. National Arboretum
* photo taken on May 5 2010 in Columbia, MD
Woerlitzer Gold
Reaches up to 4 feet, with purplish foliage and large, yellow flowers.
Ligularia fischeri
Native to South Korea and reaches up to 4 x 3 feet in size with gray green foliage up to 12 x 8 inches. The flowers are orange-yellow and this long lived plant is hardy north to zone 3
Ligularia x hessei Greygnog Gold
Forms an impressive mound, up to 4.2 feet across, of medium green, large, waxy leaves that are up to 12 inches across. The golden-orange flowers up to 4 inches are borne in impressive tall, pyramidal spikes giving the plant an entire height of 6.6 feet.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
Ligularia macrophylla
A handsome, impressive plant reaching up to 6 x 6 feet in size. The large, wide, swordlike, bluish leaves are up to 24 inches in length.
The yellow flowers up to an inch wide are borne in densely crowded panicles.
Hardy north to zone 3 in sun or partial shade.
Ligularia Osiris Cafe Noir
A perennial, reaching up to 3 x 2.5 feet, with deeply-toothed leathery foliage that is deep purplish-black at first, turning to bronze then olive-green with purple veining. The orangish-yellow flowers are borne on purple stems during late summer into early autumn. Hardy zones 4 to 7 Changing foliage color keeps the drama going all season. New growth is dark purple-black, becoming bronze then olive green highlighted with purple veins as the yellow-orange daisy-like flowers emerge on 20 inch purple stems in late summer.
* photo taken on May 17 2012 in Columbia, MD
Ligularia przewalski ( Shavalskis Ligularia )
A spectacular, vigorous perennial for the back of a border or as a specimen plant, that is native to northern China. It can reach up to 7 x 4 feet in size while in bloom.
The large, toothed and lobed, triangular foliage up to 12 x 12 inches, is somewhat shaped like that of a Silver Maple, is luxuriant green above and purplish below.
The stems are purple-black and the golden-yellow flowers are borne in tall spikes up to 3 feet in length from June to September.
Hardy zones 3 to 8, prefers morning sun and moist, fertile soil. The foliage easily wilts in summer if soil dries out.
Ligularia sibirica
Native from France to Siberia to Japan and forming a large clumping reaching up to 6.5 x 6 feet in size. The leaves are cordate and rounded, to 13 x 13 inches. The yellow flowers are up to 2 inches across. Hardy north to zone 3
Ligularia stenocephala
Native to eastern Asia and forming a spectacular plant with a maximum size of 7 x 5 ( rarely over 5 ) feet. The foliage is triangular in shape and large, up to 14 x 12 inches with heavily toothed, serrated margins. The leaves are shiny, dark green contrasting with golden yellow flowers, up to 2 + inches across, borne on tall spikes from August to September. The flowers are spectacular and the foliage is great for adding tropical effect to temperate climate landscapes and looks great next to a small pond.
Hardy zones 3 to 7 ( tolerates -40 F ) in partial shade to sun on always moist, fertile, well drained soil.
Bottle Rocket
Very compact and dense, reaching up to 2 x 2.5 feet, with showy, intense deep yellow flowers spikes contrasting well with the bold, serrated, heart-shaped, deep green foliage.
Little Rocket
The dwarf form of The Rocket below, only reaching 3 x 2.5 or very rarely 4 x 3 feet in size. The very deeply toothed, mid green, heart shaped leaves contrasts well with the bright golden flowers from mid to late summer. Hardy zones 2 to 10 in partial sun.
The Rocket
Reaches a maximum size of 7 x 5 feet with coarsely lobed, triangular, deep green foliage up to 14 x 12 inches in size.
It blooms all summer long with golden yellow flowers borne in stiff, spikes up to 2 feet long in late June. Hardy zones 3 to 7 ( even hardy in much of Alberta ) on moist soil in sun or partial shade.
Looks great along a woodland edge or along a stream.
* photos taken on May 5 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 14 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Aug 1 2013 in Stratford, Ontario
Sungold
Has a good bushy habit, reaching up to 5.5 x 5 feet. The golden-orange daisies are borne in branching stems. Hardy zones 4 to 9
Ligularia tussilaginea Gigantea
Forms a foliage clump up to 3 x 3 feet and reaches a height up to 4 feet while in bloom. The thick, glossy, bright green leaves are up to 15 inches wide and borne on stalks up to 2 feet long. The flowers are up to 2 inches across.
The foliage is hardy to 16 F. It dies back to the roots at 0 F but regrows in the spring.
Ligularia veitchiana
Native to western China and reaches a maximum size of 8 x 6 feet while in bloom.
The huge triangular leaves are up to 14 x 24 inches in size.
The orange flowers, up to 3 inches across, are borne on huge spikes up to 30 inches long during mid summer.
Prefers partial shade and moist to wet soil. Hardy zones 4 to 8
Ligularia wilsoniana
Native to China and reaching up to 7 x 6 feet with dark green, sharply serrated, kidney shaped , basal leaves up to 20 inches across. The yellow flowers are borne in tall spikes in mid summer.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 and likes cool moist conditions.
Read More..
A family of long lived perennials that seldom need dividing that enjoy moist, shady sites. Do not plant in dry shade under trees with competitive roots. Most Ligularias will grow on wet soil and tolerate flooding. Disease problems dont often occur, though they can be prone to slugs and snails.
The leaves will often wilt in hot sun even if the soil is moist, perking up during evening or nightfall, generally however they prefer a site without afternoon sun.
Propagation is from seed during spring. The seed can be planted into containers then later transplanted out to the garden.
Ligularia dentata ( Bigleaf Ligularia )
A perennial, forming a large clump up to 6.6 x 5 feet ( foliage clump along is 3 x 5 feet ), that is native to China and Japan.
The very attractive, toothed, heart shaped, leaves are red-purple in spring before turning deep green to grayish green. The leathery leaves are up to 24 x 20 inches in size and are borne on either green or reddish stems. The orange-yellow flowers, up to 4 inches across are borne on clusters up to 1 foot across, on tall, sturdy stalks during autumn.
Prefers sun to partial shade from zone 3 to 7 on moist to wet, deep, fertile soil with a deep organic mulch to keep the soil cool. Heat tolerant but may wilt during mid afternoon only to bounce back at night.
Reflected sun, especially against a south or west facing wall could cause severe scorching and stunting of growth.
* photos taken on April 13 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on May 1 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photo taken on August 24 2010 in Columbia, MD
Britt Marie Crawford
Reaches a maximum size while in bloom of 6.5 x 5 feet. The foliage is large and glossy purple-black and the late summer flowers look like orange daisies. Blooms 2 weeks later than Desdemona. Comes true from seed and grows with extreme vigor.
An excellent plant to create a tropical mood.
* photos taken on May 8 2010 @ U.S. National Arboretum, D.C.
Dark Beauty
Deep maroon foliage and intense bright orange flowers.
Desdemona
Reaches a maximum size of 6.5 x 5 feet while in bloom. The huge, round, purple-green leaves ( purple below ) are up to 24 x 20 inches in size. The daisy like flowers are large and orange, up to 5 inches across from August to September on erect stems that are sturdy and do not need staking. Prefers wet soil and coincidentally looks great next to water.
* photos taken on May 2 2012 in Columbia, MD
Othello
Foliage is less intense purple than Britt Marie Crawford
* photo taken on April 18 2010 @ U.S. National Arboretum
* photo taken on May 5 2010 in Columbia, MD
Woerlitzer Gold
Reaches up to 4 feet, with purplish foliage and large, yellow flowers.
Ligularia fischeri
Native to South Korea and reaches up to 4 x 3 feet in size with gray green foliage up to 12 x 8 inches. The flowers are orange-yellow and this long lived plant is hardy north to zone 3
Ligularia x hessei Greygnog Gold
Forms an impressive mound, up to 4.2 feet across, of medium green, large, waxy leaves that are up to 12 inches across. The golden-orange flowers up to 4 inches are borne in impressive tall, pyramidal spikes giving the plant an entire height of 6.6 feet.
Hardy zones 3 to 9
Ligularia macrophylla
A handsome, impressive plant reaching up to 6 x 6 feet in size. The large, wide, swordlike, bluish leaves are up to 24 inches in length.
The yellow flowers up to an inch wide are borne in densely crowded panicles.
Hardy north to zone 3 in sun or partial shade.
Ligularia Osiris Cafe Noir
A perennial, reaching up to 3 x 2.5 feet, with deeply-toothed leathery foliage that is deep purplish-black at first, turning to bronze then olive-green with purple veining. The orangish-yellow flowers are borne on purple stems during late summer into early autumn. Hardy zones 4 to 7 Changing foliage color keeps the drama going all season. New growth is dark purple-black, becoming bronze then olive green highlighted with purple veins as the yellow-orange daisy-like flowers emerge on 20 inch purple stems in late summer.
* photo taken on May 17 2012 in Columbia, MD
Ligularia przewalski ( Shavalskis Ligularia )
A spectacular, vigorous perennial for the back of a border or as a specimen plant, that is native to northern China. It can reach up to 7 x 4 feet in size while in bloom.
The large, toothed and lobed, triangular foliage up to 12 x 12 inches, is somewhat shaped like that of a Silver Maple, is luxuriant green above and purplish below.
The stems are purple-black and the golden-yellow flowers are borne in tall spikes up to 3 feet in length from June to September.
Hardy zones 3 to 8, prefers morning sun and moist, fertile soil. The foliage easily wilts in summer if soil dries out.
Ligularia sibirica
Native from France to Siberia to Japan and forming a large clumping reaching up to 6.5 x 6 feet in size. The leaves are cordate and rounded, to 13 x 13 inches. The yellow flowers are up to 2 inches across. Hardy north to zone 3
Ligularia stenocephala
Native to eastern Asia and forming a spectacular plant with a maximum size of 7 x 5 ( rarely over 5 ) feet. The foliage is triangular in shape and large, up to 14 x 12 inches with heavily toothed, serrated margins. The leaves are shiny, dark green contrasting with golden yellow flowers, up to 2 + inches across, borne on tall spikes from August to September. The flowers are spectacular and the foliage is great for adding tropical effect to temperate climate landscapes and looks great next to a small pond.
Hardy zones 3 to 7 ( tolerates -40 F ) in partial shade to sun on always moist, fertile, well drained soil.
Bottle Rocket
Very compact and dense, reaching up to 2 x 2.5 feet, with showy, intense deep yellow flowers spikes contrasting well with the bold, serrated, heart-shaped, deep green foliage.
Little Rocket
The dwarf form of The Rocket below, only reaching 3 x 2.5 or very rarely 4 x 3 feet in size. The very deeply toothed, mid green, heart shaped leaves contrasts well with the bright golden flowers from mid to late summer. Hardy zones 2 to 10 in partial sun.
The Rocket
Reaches a maximum size of 7 x 5 feet with coarsely lobed, triangular, deep green foliage up to 14 x 12 inches in size.
It blooms all summer long with golden yellow flowers borne in stiff, spikes up to 2 feet long in late June. Hardy zones 3 to 7 ( even hardy in much of Alberta ) on moist soil in sun or partial shade.
Looks great along a woodland edge or along a stream.
* photos taken on May 5 2010 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 14 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on Aug 1 2013 in Stratford, Ontario
Sungold
Has a good bushy habit, reaching up to 5.5 x 5 feet. The golden-orange daisies are borne in branching stems. Hardy zones 4 to 9
Ligularia tussilaginea Gigantea
Forms a foliage clump up to 3 x 3 feet and reaches a height up to 4 feet while in bloom. The thick, glossy, bright green leaves are up to 15 inches wide and borne on stalks up to 2 feet long. The flowers are up to 2 inches across.
The foliage is hardy to 16 F. It dies back to the roots at 0 F but regrows in the spring.
Ligularia veitchiana
Native to western China and reaches a maximum size of 8 x 6 feet while in bloom.
The huge triangular leaves are up to 14 x 24 inches in size.
The orange flowers, up to 3 inches across, are borne on huge spikes up to 30 inches long during mid summer.
Prefers partial shade and moist to wet soil. Hardy zones 4 to 8
Ligularia wilsoniana
Native to China and reaching up to 7 x 6 feet with dark green, sharply serrated, kidney shaped , basal leaves up to 20 inches across. The yellow flowers are borne in tall spikes in mid summer.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 and likes cool moist conditions.
Step by Step Videos for Do It Yourself Fire Pit Installation
Today is video embed day here at Warming-Trends.com. Below are some helpful instructional videos that will help you build and install your own fire pit in your backyard.
This first video shows you, Step-By-Step, how to install a 24 Volt Crossfire Fire Pit in your backyard:
This video shows you how to install a Remote Controlled Ignitor in your fire pit:
This video shows you a little bit about our CSA Design Certified (Crossfire) Combustion Burner System. This burner is the latest state of the art outdoor patio flame system. Our Burner System’s regulator was developed with a precise air to gas mixture ratio which produces a taller, brighter flame while using only half the fuel of conventional fire rings. This cutting edge technology has allowed our product to out perform all others on the market. Take a look for yourself:
And finally, if you are looking to build your own custom fire pit from the ground up, please check out our webpage for step-by-step installation of a concrete ring fire pit.
Ok, enough shameless self promotion for the week, wow, we really pulled out the stops today didnt we?
Read More..
This first video shows you, Step-By-Step, how to install a 24 Volt Crossfire Fire Pit in your backyard:
This video shows you how to install a Remote Controlled Ignitor in your fire pit:
This video shows you a little bit about our CSA Design Certified (Crossfire) Combustion Burner System. This burner is the latest state of the art outdoor patio flame system. Our Burner System’s regulator was developed with a precise air to gas mixture ratio which produces a taller, brighter flame while using only half the fuel of conventional fire rings. This cutting edge technology has allowed our product to out perform all others on the market. Take a look for yourself:
And finally, if you are looking to build your own custom fire pit from the ground up, please check out our webpage for step-by-step installation of a concrete ring fire pit.
Ok, enough shameless self promotion for the week, wow, we really pulled out the stops today didnt we?
Friday, March 7, 2014
Caesalpinia
Caesalpinia
A large genus of close to 150 species of mostly warm climate, spectacular flowering trees, shrubs and vines that are part of the massive Legume family that also includes the Acacias, Locusts, Peas and Beans.
Most species prefer full sun and a fertile, well drained soil.
Propagation is typically from seed and can be improved by rubbing the seed on sand paper then soaking in warm water to soften the hard seed coats.
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia bahamense
A small tree, reaching a maximum size of 25 x 25 feet.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia bonduc
Some records include: 3 years - 6 feet
Caesalpinia cacalaco
A very attractive, very thorny, southern Mexican native, slow growing, evergreen, small to medium-sized tree that is similar in appearance to the Honey Locust ( Gleditsia triacanthos ) of North America. Some records include:fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 2 years - 4 feet; 3 years - 8 feet; largest on record - 50 x 20 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.5 feet.
Reaches up to 6 feet as a foliage perennial.
The leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1 inch in length.
The yellow flowers are borne on clusters up to 12 inches in length.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 17 F. Known to dieback to base in zone 8b and resprout vigorously. Very drought tolerant.
Caesalpinia coriaria
A small to medium-sized tree, native to the Caribbean and Mexico to Central America.
Some records include: largest on record - 50 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.5 feet.
The leaves are up to 6 x 3 inches in size.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia decapetala ( Mysore Thorn )
Also called Caesalpinia sepiaria. A large scrambling vine or semi-climbing shrub ( if no support ) that is native from southern China to southern Japan; south into the southeastern Asia tropics. Some records include: 5 years - 30 feet; largest on record - 82 ( rarely over 50 ) feet as a vine.
The ferny, bipinnate leaves, up to 16 x 8 inches, are composed of rounded leaflets, up to 0.8 inches in length.
The bright yellow ( with red spotting ) flowers are borne on clusters, up to 16 inches in length.
This vine clings to support by means of hooked thorns on the leaf undersides.
Hardy zones 9 to 11 ( reports of 8 ) tolerating as low as 14 F. Very drought tolerant and thrives in mediterranean climates.
subsp japonica
Hardier, north to zone 8b.
The leaflets are larger, up to 1 inch in length and the flowers are brighter yellow.
Caesalpinia echinata ( Brazilwood )
Also called Peachwood. A moderate growing, large tree that is native to the Atlantic Rainforest region in Brazil where it is endangered. Some records include: largest on record - 110 x 40 feet with a trunk diameter of 4 feet.
The leathery, pinnate leaves, up to 4 inches in length, are composed of 9 to 19 small broad-oblong leaflets.
The flowers are yellow.
The branches and trunk are prickly.
Hardy zones 11 to 12. Very drought and salt tolerant as well as tolerant of alkaline soil.
* photos of unknown internet source
Caesalpinia ferrea ( Leopard Tree )
A fast growing, long-lived, thornless, deciduous, lofty, large tree that is native to eastern Brazil. Some records include: largest on record - 100 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 5 feet.
It is popular as a street tree in subtropical and tropical regions around the world.
The leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are reddish at first, turning to bright green.
The bi-pinnate leaves are composed of 7 pairs of 0.8 inch leaflets.
The bright yellow flowers are borne on dense panicles during summer.
The very attractive bark is creamy-white and smooth, with large gray patches. The main trunk usually splits into long twisted limbs shortly above the ground.
Hardy zones 9 to 12
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia gillesii ( Bird of Paradise Shrub )
A fast growing, open, spreading, deciduous or evergreen ( depending on climate ) large shrub or small tree, is native from northern Argentina and Uruguay. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 6 feet; 2 years - 5 feet; 3 year - 8 feet; largest on record - 40 x 25 feet.
The ferny, bipinnate leaves, up to 12 inches in length, are composed of many leaflets up to 1.5 inches in length. The ferny foliage is bright green, later turning to deep green.
The large, bicolored golden-yellow ( petals ) and scarlet-red ( the very long stamens ) flowers, up to 5 inches each, are borne on short, erect spikes during summer. The petals are up to 1 inch in length, the stamens are up to 3 inches.
Hardy zones 8 to 11 ( tolerating as low as 5 F ) in full sun, thriving on deep, light, well drained soil. It can be grown on sheltered sites further north into zone 6 as a perennial. In climates with dry winters, it may become drought deciduous. It required climates with long, hot hummers. It is drought but not salt tolerant. Very deer resistant.
Can be grown from seed during fall or spring depending on climate region. It can also be grown from softwood cuttings taken during summer.
* photo of unknown internet source
* video found on Youtube
Caesalpinia granadillo
A rare, moderately dense, medium-sized tree. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; largest on record - 80 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 3.5 feet.
The leaves are up to 12 inches in length.
The flowers, up to 2 inches, are yellow.
The bark is white.
Hardy zones 10 to 12. It is not salt tolerant.
Caesalpinia insignis ( Zenia )
A fast growing, large tree native to far southern China where it is endangered.
Some records include: 16 years - 60 feet with a trunk diameter of 8 inches; largest on record - 100 x 80 feet with a trunk diameter of 3.5 feet.
The leaves, up to 18 inches in length are composed of up to 21 leaflets, up to 4 x 1 inches in size.
The bark is grayish-white.
Hardy zones 9b to 12 tolerating as low as 23 F
Tolerant of drought and limestone soils. It is tolerant of temporary flooding but not waterlogged soil.
Caesalpinia kaviensis
A rapid growing small tree, reaching a maximum height of 35 feet, that is native to Hawaii where it is highly endangered.
Some records include: first year - 3.5 feet.
The pinnate leaves are composed of up to 8 leaflets, up to 1.5 ( rarely over 1 ) inch in length.
The flowers are red.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
* photo of unknown internet source
Caesalpinia major
A vine reaching a maximum height of 50 feet.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia mexicana
A medium-sized tree that is native from Texas to central Mexico.
In frost free climates, it is evergreen.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 10 feet; 3 years - 6 feet; largest on record - 45 x 60 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.3 feet. It can reach up to 6 feet as a perennial.
The leaves, up to 10 x 6.5 inches in size, are composed of numerous leaflets, up to 1 inch in length. The foliage is luxuriant green.
The yellow flowers are borne on clusters up to 6 inches in length.
The stems bear no thorns.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 as a tree. Perennial at 15 F at Tucson and some have even survived those temperatures as a woody plant however with some tip dieback.
Very heat tolerant.
Caesalpinia palmeri
Some records include: 2 years - 5 feet, eventually 9 feet
Caesalpinia paraguayensis
A medium-sized tree that is native to South America. Some records include: 1 year - 3 x 4 feet; 12 years - 3 x 7 feet; largest on record - 60 feet.
The flowers are yellow.
The bark is beige.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 18 F
Caesalpinia platyloba
A fast growing, thornless, large tree that is native to the Caribbean and Costa Rica through Tropical America. Some records include: 3 years - 4 feet; 4 years - 10 feet; 13 years - 22 feet; largest on record - 170 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 6 feet.
The leaves are up to 8 inches in length.
The flowers are yellow.
Hardy zones 10 to 12, it can tolerate as low as 25 F. At 17 F it freezes to the ground and will regrow as a perennial reaching about 8 feet in a season.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima ( Peacock Flower )
Also called Dwarf Poinciana. A fast growing, spreading, small tree, that is native to tropical America. In the subtropics and tropics it is evergreen.
Some records include: largest on record - 33 x 33 feet with a trunk diameter of 0.5 feet. Reaches up to 7 x 6 feet as a perennial in cold climates.
The leaves, up to 24 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1.5 x 0.5 inches. The luxuriant mid-green foliage lends to a lush tropical effect.
The fiery, scarlet-red flowers, up to 3 inches in length, are borne on large, erect terminal panicles, up to 24 ( rarely over 10 ) inches in length. The flowers are borne throughout the year in tropical climates.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 20 F however it can be grown as a perennial on sheltered sites as far north as zone 7. It prefers full sun and is very drought and salt tolerant.
* photo taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
* photo of unknown internet source
Flava
A yellow flowering variety that looks great mixed in plantings with the regular Caesalpinia pulcherrima.
Caesalpinia pumila
Some records include: 5 years - 5.5 feet; eventually to 6 feet
Caesalpinia sessilifolia
Caesalpinia velutina
A thornless, straight single-trunked, small tree. Some records include: largest on record - 40 feet with a trunk diameter of 1 feet.
The leaves are bipinnate.
Hardy zones 10 to 12.
Caesalpinia vesciaria
A small tree, reaching a maximum size of 25 x 25 feet.
The leaves, up to 10 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1.5 inches in length.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia violacea
Some records include: 2 years - 6 feet; 6 years - 7.5 feet
Read More..
A large genus of close to 150 species of mostly warm climate, spectacular flowering trees, shrubs and vines that are part of the massive Legume family that also includes the Acacias, Locusts, Peas and Beans.
Most species prefer full sun and a fertile, well drained soil.
Propagation is typically from seed and can be improved by rubbing the seed on sand paper then soaking in warm water to soften the hard seed coats.
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia bahamense
A small tree, reaching a maximum size of 25 x 25 feet.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia bonduc
Some records include: 3 years - 6 feet
Caesalpinia cacalaco
A very attractive, very thorny, southern Mexican native, slow growing, evergreen, small to medium-sized tree that is similar in appearance to the Honey Locust ( Gleditsia triacanthos ) of North America. Some records include:fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 2 years - 4 feet; 3 years - 8 feet; largest on record - 50 x 20 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.5 feet.
Reaches up to 6 feet as a foliage perennial.
The leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1 inch in length.
The yellow flowers are borne on clusters up to 12 inches in length.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 17 F. Known to dieback to base in zone 8b and resprout vigorously. Very drought tolerant.
Caesalpinia coriaria
A small to medium-sized tree, native to the Caribbean and Mexico to Central America.
Some records include: largest on record - 50 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.5 feet.
The leaves are up to 6 x 3 inches in size.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia decapetala ( Mysore Thorn )
Also called Caesalpinia sepiaria. A large scrambling vine or semi-climbing shrub ( if no support ) that is native from southern China to southern Japan; south into the southeastern Asia tropics. Some records include: 5 years - 30 feet; largest on record - 82 ( rarely over 50 ) feet as a vine.
The ferny, bipinnate leaves, up to 16 x 8 inches, are composed of rounded leaflets, up to 0.8 inches in length.
The bright yellow ( with red spotting ) flowers are borne on clusters, up to 16 inches in length.
This vine clings to support by means of hooked thorns on the leaf undersides.
Hardy zones 9 to 11 ( reports of 8 ) tolerating as low as 14 F. Very drought tolerant and thrives in mediterranean climates.
subsp japonica
Hardier, north to zone 8b.
The leaflets are larger, up to 1 inch in length and the flowers are brighter yellow.
Caesalpinia echinata ( Brazilwood )
Also called Peachwood. A moderate growing, large tree that is native to the Atlantic Rainforest region in Brazil where it is endangered. Some records include: largest on record - 110 x 40 feet with a trunk diameter of 4 feet.
The leathery, pinnate leaves, up to 4 inches in length, are composed of 9 to 19 small broad-oblong leaflets.
The flowers are yellow.
The branches and trunk are prickly.
Hardy zones 11 to 12. Very drought and salt tolerant as well as tolerant of alkaline soil.
* photos of unknown internet source
Caesalpinia ferrea ( Leopard Tree )
A fast growing, long-lived, thornless, deciduous, lofty, large tree that is native to eastern Brazil. Some records include: largest on record - 100 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 5 feet.
It is popular as a street tree in subtropical and tropical regions around the world.
The leaves, up to 8 inches in length, are reddish at first, turning to bright green.
The bi-pinnate leaves are composed of 7 pairs of 0.8 inch leaflets.
The bright yellow flowers are borne on dense panicles during summer.
The very attractive bark is creamy-white and smooth, with large gray patches. The main trunk usually splits into long twisted limbs shortly above the ground.
Hardy zones 9 to 12
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia gillesii ( Bird of Paradise Shrub )
A fast growing, open, spreading, deciduous or evergreen ( depending on climate ) large shrub or small tree, is native from northern Argentina and Uruguay. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 6 feet; 2 years - 5 feet; 3 year - 8 feet; largest on record - 40 x 25 feet.
The ferny, bipinnate leaves, up to 12 inches in length, are composed of many leaflets up to 1.5 inches in length. The ferny foliage is bright green, later turning to deep green.
The large, bicolored golden-yellow ( petals ) and scarlet-red ( the very long stamens ) flowers, up to 5 inches each, are borne on short, erect spikes during summer. The petals are up to 1 inch in length, the stamens are up to 3 inches.
Hardy zones 8 to 11 ( tolerating as low as 5 F ) in full sun, thriving on deep, light, well drained soil. It can be grown on sheltered sites further north into zone 6 as a perennial. In climates with dry winters, it may become drought deciduous. It required climates with long, hot hummers. It is drought but not salt tolerant. Very deer resistant.
Can be grown from seed during fall or spring depending on climate region. It can also be grown from softwood cuttings taken during summer.
* photo of unknown internet source
* video found on Youtube
Caesalpinia granadillo
A rare, moderately dense, medium-sized tree. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; largest on record - 80 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 3.5 feet.
The leaves are up to 12 inches in length.
The flowers, up to 2 inches, are yellow.
The bark is white.
Hardy zones 10 to 12. It is not salt tolerant.
Caesalpinia insignis ( Zenia )
A fast growing, large tree native to far southern China where it is endangered.
Some records include: 16 years - 60 feet with a trunk diameter of 8 inches; largest on record - 100 x 80 feet with a trunk diameter of 3.5 feet.
The leaves, up to 18 inches in length are composed of up to 21 leaflets, up to 4 x 1 inches in size.
The bark is grayish-white.
Hardy zones 9b to 12 tolerating as low as 23 F
Tolerant of drought and limestone soils. It is tolerant of temporary flooding but not waterlogged soil.
Caesalpinia kaviensis
A rapid growing small tree, reaching a maximum height of 35 feet, that is native to Hawaii where it is highly endangered.
Some records include: first year - 3.5 feet.
The pinnate leaves are composed of up to 8 leaflets, up to 1.5 ( rarely over 1 ) inch in length.
The flowers are red.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
* photo of unknown internet source
Caesalpinia major
A vine reaching a maximum height of 50 feet.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
Caesalpinia mexicana
A medium-sized tree that is native from Texas to central Mexico.
In frost free climates, it is evergreen.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 10 feet; 3 years - 6 feet; largest on record - 45 x 60 feet with a trunk diameter of 1.3 feet. It can reach up to 6 feet as a perennial.
The leaves, up to 10 x 6.5 inches in size, are composed of numerous leaflets, up to 1 inch in length. The foliage is luxuriant green.
The yellow flowers are borne on clusters up to 6 inches in length.
The stems bear no thorns.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 as a tree. Perennial at 15 F at Tucson and some have even survived those temperatures as a woody plant however with some tip dieback.
Very heat tolerant.
Caesalpinia palmeri
Some records include: 2 years - 5 feet, eventually 9 feet
Caesalpinia paraguayensis
A medium-sized tree that is native to South America. Some records include: 1 year - 3 x 4 feet; 12 years - 3 x 7 feet; largest on record - 60 feet.
The flowers are yellow.
The bark is beige.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 18 F
Caesalpinia platyloba
A fast growing, thornless, large tree that is native to the Caribbean and Costa Rica through Tropical America. Some records include: 3 years - 4 feet; 4 years - 10 feet; 13 years - 22 feet; largest on record - 170 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 6 feet.
The leaves are up to 8 inches in length.
The flowers are yellow.
Hardy zones 10 to 12, it can tolerate as low as 25 F. At 17 F it freezes to the ground and will regrow as a perennial reaching about 8 feet in a season.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima ( Peacock Flower )
Also called Dwarf Poinciana. A fast growing, spreading, small tree, that is native to tropical America. In the subtropics and tropics it is evergreen.
Some records include: largest on record - 33 x 33 feet with a trunk diameter of 0.5 feet. Reaches up to 7 x 6 feet as a perennial in cold climates.
The leaves, up to 24 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1.5 x 0.5 inches. The luxuriant mid-green foliage lends to a lush tropical effect.
The fiery, scarlet-red flowers, up to 3 inches in length, are borne on large, erect terminal panicles, up to 24 ( rarely over 10 ) inches in length. The flowers are borne throughout the year in tropical climates.
Hardy zones 9 to 12 tolerating as low as 20 F however it can be grown as a perennial on sheltered sites as far north as zone 7. It prefers full sun and is very drought and salt tolerant.
* photo taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
* photo of unknown internet source
Flava
A yellow flowering variety that looks great mixed in plantings with the regular Caesalpinia pulcherrima.
Caesalpinia pumila
Some records include: 5 years - 5.5 feet; eventually to 6 feet
Caesalpinia sessilifolia
Caesalpinia velutina
A thornless, straight single-trunked, small tree. Some records include: largest on record - 40 feet with a trunk diameter of 1 feet.
The leaves are bipinnate.
Hardy zones 10 to 12.
Caesalpinia vesciaria
A small tree, reaching a maximum size of 25 x 25 feet.
The leaves, up to 10 inches in length, are composed of leaflets, up to 1.5 inches in length.
Hardy zones 10 to 12
* photos taken on Jan 3 2011 @ Deerfield Beach Arboretum, Florida
Caesalpinia violacea
Some records include: 2 years - 6 feet; 6 years - 7.5 feet
Heart Leaved Oxeye
Telekia speciosa ( Scented Ox Eye )
A vigorous, rapid spreading, thick sturdy stemmed, upright perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6.5 x 6 ( rarely over 5 ) feet, that is native from the European Alps into southern Russia.
It looks great massed in a large planting. Individual plants eventually spread to form a large clump.
The very large, attractive leaves, up to 24 x 10 inches in size, are mid-green.
The yellow, daisy-like flowers are borne in large clusters during summer.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist soil, preferring a site protected from strong winds which can damage the leaves. It is generally easy to grow and especially thrives along waters edge.
Read More..
A vigorous, rapid spreading, thick sturdy stemmed, upright perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6.5 x 6 ( rarely over 5 ) feet, that is native from the European Alps into southern Russia.
It looks great massed in a large planting. Individual plants eventually spread to form a large clump.
The very large, attractive leaves, up to 24 x 10 inches in size, are mid-green.
The yellow, daisy-like flowers are borne in large clusters during summer.
Hardy zones 2 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on moist soil, preferring a site protected from strong winds which can damage the leaves. It is generally easy to grow and especially thrives along waters edge.
Thursday, March 6, 2014
Lewisia
Lewisia
A genus of perennials that are part of the larger Portulaca family.
They require excellent drainage and a gravel mulch. Do not fertilize.
* photo taken on Oct 31 2013 in Columbia, MD
Lewisia Constant Comment
A succulent perennial forming compact rosettes with short clusters of large rosy-pink flowers, reblooming heavily up to 6 times per year.
* photo taken on Apr 16 2013 in Burtonsville, MD
Lewisia cotyledon ( Siskiyou Lewisia )
A perennial, forming a foliage clump reaching a maximum size of 12 x 16 inches, that is native to high mountains from southern Oregon into northern California.
The evergreen leaves, up to 5.5 inches in length, form a flat rosette.
The very showy, white or pink flowers are borne from late spring into early summer.
Hardy zones 3 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on very well drained soil with a gravel mulched. It is often planted in stone walls. Surprisingly tolerant of heat and humidity in the east.
Alba
Pure white flowers, otherwise identical.
Fransi
Orange flowers and fringed leaves, otherwise identical.
Rainbow
Forms a clump, reaching a maximum size of 1 x 1 foot, with semi-double flowers that can come in many colors including white, pink, orange, red or yellow.
Hardy north to zone 3 if protected by snow during winter.
Skagits Select
Reaches up to 8 x 13 inches.
The foliage is deep green.
Hardy zones 4 +
Sunset Strain
A seedling strain, reaching a maximum size of 12 x 16 inches, with flowers that can come in yellow, orange or pink.
Lewisia Little Plum
The hybrid between Lewisia cotyledon & L. longipetala, forming a compact clump, reaching a maximum size of 8 x 12 inches.
The fleshy foliage is green.
The abundant, purplish-pink flowers are borne all summer long.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 ( to 3 on protected sites ) in full sun to partial shade.
* photo of unknown internet source
Lewisia pygmaea
A small tufted perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6 x 7 inches, that is native from Alaska to Alberta; south to California to New Mexico.
The fleshy, deciduous leaves are green.
The flowers are small and pink.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun to partial shade.
* photo of unknown internet source
Lewisia tweedyi
A small tufted perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6 x 7 inches, that is native to northwest North America.
The fleshy, deciduous leaves, up to 5 inches in length, are green.
The flowers are small and pink, red or white.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun to partial shade.
Read More..
A genus of perennials that are part of the larger Portulaca family.
They require excellent drainage and a gravel mulch. Do not fertilize.
* photo taken on Oct 31 2013 in Columbia, MD
Lewisia Constant Comment
A succulent perennial forming compact rosettes with short clusters of large rosy-pink flowers, reblooming heavily up to 6 times per year.
* photo taken on Apr 16 2013 in Burtonsville, MD
Lewisia cotyledon ( Siskiyou Lewisia )
A perennial, forming a foliage clump reaching a maximum size of 12 x 16 inches, that is native to high mountains from southern Oregon into northern California.
The evergreen leaves, up to 5.5 inches in length, form a flat rosette.
The very showy, white or pink flowers are borne from late spring into early summer.
Hardy zones 3 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on very well drained soil with a gravel mulched. It is often planted in stone walls. Surprisingly tolerant of heat and humidity in the east.
Alba
Pure white flowers, otherwise identical.
Fransi
Orange flowers and fringed leaves, otherwise identical.
Rainbow
Forms a clump, reaching a maximum size of 1 x 1 foot, with semi-double flowers that can come in many colors including white, pink, orange, red or yellow.
Hardy north to zone 3 if protected by snow during winter.
Skagits Select
Reaches up to 8 x 13 inches.
The foliage is deep green.
Hardy zones 4 +
Sunset Strain
A seedling strain, reaching a maximum size of 12 x 16 inches, with flowers that can come in yellow, orange or pink.
Lewisia Little Plum
The hybrid between Lewisia cotyledon & L. longipetala, forming a compact clump, reaching a maximum size of 8 x 12 inches.
The fleshy foliage is green.
The abundant, purplish-pink flowers are borne all summer long.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 ( to 3 on protected sites ) in full sun to partial shade.
* photo of unknown internet source
Lewisia pygmaea
A small tufted perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6 x 7 inches, that is native from Alaska to Alberta; south to California to New Mexico.
The fleshy, deciduous leaves are green.
The flowers are small and pink.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun to partial shade.
* photo of unknown internet source
Lewisia tweedyi
A small tufted perennial, reaching a maximum size of 6 x 7 inches, that is native to northwest North America.
The fleshy, deciduous leaves, up to 5 inches in length, are green.
The flowers are small and pink, red or white.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun to partial shade.
Looking to Buy Landscape Design Software Read This First!
Landscape Design Software programs are used to plot the layout of softscape (plants, shrubs, vines, and trees) and hardscape (walls, fences, and pergolas) features to create a Landscape. They simplify the task of landscaping and allow you to turn your outdoor area into a piece of art. Why Do You Need One? Landscaping is an integral part of home improvement. It is, however, by no means an easy task. You need to consider a number of factors like the size of your outdoor area, the angles and corners present, the elevation or slope of the lawn, weather, and many more. You need to come up with creative ideas to seamlessly integrate the natural (plants, trees, and bodies of water) and manmade (fences, walls, gazebos, and pergolas) elements and make your outdoor area more beautiful and functional. The process, as you can imagine, requires a lot of creativity, observation skills, and Design skills. Unless you are a highly experienced Landscaper, you may find it extremely difficult to do it. This is why using a Landscape Design Software program is considered a good idea by many. The Advantages of Landscaping Software * It makes the task of landscaping a lot easier. Without a Software program, you have to do everything - right from drawing a plot plan of the area to Designing the Landscape - manually. While doing so, you are bound to forget some small but important details. With a Software program, there are no such problems as you can organize your thoughts, remember all the pertinent details, and plan everything perfectly. * It helps you finish the task quickly. For example, it may take you one or two minutes to draw a plant or write down a landscaping idea with pencil and paper. With a Software program, it will only take you a few seconds. * It helps you visualize the whole process. Without a Software program, you have to assume or imagine how your outdoor area will look once you are finished with it. With a Software program, you know how it will look once you are done. Choosing a Landscape Design Software Program Virtual Planning Feature Look for programs that allow you to scan a photo of your outdoor area and superimpose softscape and hardscape features on it. You can also look for programs that allow you to create an electronic base map, choose your favorite softscape and hardscape features, move them around, and make as many changes as you want. Growth Prediction Feature Look for programs that predict the growth of plants and trees in your outdoor area and show you what they are likely to look like when they grow. Plan your Landscape in such a way that your pools, decks, and fences remain undisturbed even as the plants and trees in the area grow and mature. Cost Estimation Feature Look for programs that help you keep track of the cost at every stage of the process. It is particularly important if you are on a small budget and cannot afford to spend a lot of money on home improvement. Plant Encyclopedia Feature Look for programs that allow you to search and identify plants, shrubs, and trees that are ideal for your regions climate and soil quality. Ease of Use Look for programs that are easy to use. The user interface should be simple and intuitive. You should be able to figure out things on your own even if you are a first-timer. Wednesday, March 5, 2014
Indigenous Beauties Gloriosa superba
The flame lily is a truly spectacular plant in full bloom, but its a plant that comes with a warning label - the whole plant is extremely poisonous when eaten.
Gloriosa superba
Flame lily
Flame lily
But even though its blossoms bite, its apricot/orange/red flowers make it worth finding a place to show it off.
It loves semi-shade, and will often climb up into the shrubs and trees that surround it. It seems to grow best in sandy soil, but with plenty of water.
It flowers in summer, and then dies back completely in winter, leaving little trace of its beauty.
It loves semi-shade, and will often climb up into the shrubs and trees that surround it. It seems to grow best in sandy soil, but with plenty of water.
It flowers in summer, and then dies back completely in winter, leaving little trace of its beauty.
Two of the Nations Most Beloved Trees Poisoned
 |
| David Bundy/Montgomery Advertiser via AP |
Have you heard this story? Two of the most beloved trees in the country were poisoned because of a sports rivalry. The 130 year-old live oaks that graced Toomer’s Corner in Auburn, Alabama mark the spot where Auburn University fans celebrate victories. On January 27, a man identifying himself only as “Al from Dadeville” called a local sports talk radio show and said that a week after the Iron Bowl—the annual football game between Auburn and Alabama—he had driven to Auburn and poisoned the trees at Toomer’s Corner by injecting Spike 80DF, an herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis.
“Is that against the law to . . . poison a tree?” asked the radio host.
“You think I care?” replied the caller.
The next day, Auburn University officials took samples of the soil around the storied live oaks and confirmed that, indeed, the soil had been poisoned with nearly 65 times the amount of poison necessary to kill a tree. “There is little chance to save the trees,” the University said.
The caller, an Alabama fan, said he attended the Iron Bowl the day before. He said he poisoned the trees because he thought Auburn fans had rolled the trees in toilet paper to celebrate the death of Alabama coaching legend Bear Bryant in 1983. Turns out, this fact was not at all true. On the day of Bryant’s death, rival Auburn flew flags at half mast to commemorate the event.
This morning Auburn police arrested Harvey Almorn Updyke charging him with criminal mischief. He is being held on $50,000 bond.
You can listen to the caller on the radio show here.
I grew up an Auburn fan, and visit Toomer’s Corner every year when visiting my parents who live blocks away from these beloved trees. There are no words . . .
Make the living room feel lived in
Modern Living room to live in
Modern Living room
Back in times there was the living room, a room that was kept for the purpose of reception of guests. It was set up in a formal way, rather unpleasant and severe, with dark colors and images of long-dead ancestors. Modern living room has been seen for quite a while in the same light as a rather formal room, which have used a little, and therefore not much clutter. It was very clean and tidy, ready for a semi-formal to formal occasion, when they could be used. The traditional goal for the living room is now in transition. Many homes now have no dividing wall between and the living room. In some cases, the existing partitions are actually has been removed. This is a large room, the family used, and meeting with friends, relax and have fun.
Living room furniture
Part of the reason for this shift in the use of the living room is the general shift to a relaxed, informal way of life. The living room these days is only from the perspective that a room where life happens every day. So, if you are a little old-fashioned, formal design and little used living room, and you want to convert it into a modern living room to see how you go about it? You may still want to keep control over the maintenance of that space, but only if you still want a place where one visitor, which is more formal and businesslike than your TV room can be maintained.
Living room furniture
In these days has less to show than it used to be for furniture in your living room and more practical for use. This makes the living room for an important choice. You must have sufficient space for people, and arrange it so that it facilitates interaction and discussion. Chairs and sofas should be not only attractive, they should also be comfortable. Place it so that people sitting opposite each other on them, and everyone can see everyone else in the living room. Your living room will seem welcome, if you choose warm, vibrant colors. The lived-in, lively atmosphere of the rooms is enhanced by the presence of up-to-date journals, scrapbooks, and family photos on the coffee table or other surfaces.
Living room Flooring
Living room Flooring is another important aspect when it comes to brightening a living room, and they can themselves become a conversation piece. You can choose patterned, colorful area rugs that to go with your furniture and furnishing of the living rooms, while creating a feeling of coziness. If the patterns are intricate or unusual colors, then guests can be moved to comment on this, and that is a good way to start a conversation. Moreover, these carpets much warmth and comfort for the members of the family can, while sitting on the floor playing a game, or perhaps are even a nap.
Living room Lighting
Lighting in the Living room is another area that needs to be considered by some. In the past, the fact was that this space is not much about its lighting is rarely sufficient lead. The lights and lamps in your living room were often very fragile, and formal in appearance at your living room. Today you have bright lighting, so the mood is happy, and that makes it easier for people to play games or read.
Living room decorations
You can display items in your living room, peoples interest and could even encourage conversation. For example, photo albums, trophies and souvenirs of your holiday. These can be natural ice-breaker, which also supplies a cozy atmosphere that really makes the living room feel lived in.
Check also:
Modern interior
Modern Kitchen
Luxury Lighting Design Ideas and remodeling
INTERIOR OF THE KIDS ROOM
Sofa Design and Furniture
Sofa Design and Furniture
Interior and Exterior Shutters
Home Decorating in Minimalism
Modern Lighting designs for your home
Contemporary and Luxury Dining rooms
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)